Ethical And Social Problems Of Genetic Engineering

Introduction Nature of the Problem Genetic Engineering is the process of manipulating the genome of an organism such as bacteria, insulin, brown rice and etc using biotechnology. Genetic Engineering is developed to make cell growth faster, increase production, and protect against diseases. An organism that is produced through Genetic Engineering is called Genetically Modified Organism or GMO. The first GMO was a bacterium produced in 1973 in a lab and in 1982 Insulin became the first GMO commercialized product available to the public. In the 21st century, Genetic Engineering is affecting people across the world since most products such as corn, rice, insulin, and animal are genetically modified to produce in larger quantities in a†¦show more content†¦Genetic Engineering (GE) refers to the direct manipulation of organism DNA to alter an organism s specific characteristic in a way for beneficial use (Nester, 2014). The host ranges from plants, bacteria, animals, and virus. The structu re of the DNA includes four nitrogenous bases, including the Adenine, Thymine, Cysteine, and Thymine (Nester, 2014). The scientist isolates a plasmid from a bacteria or yeast cell, then insert the modified DNA into the plasmid. Then the plasmid is inserted into an organism DNA with the use of a restrictive enzyme to make the specific characteristic express (Nester, 2014). Through the process of cell replication, the gene will naturally multiply in future cell generation. The first genetically modified organism (GMO) was Agrobacterium tumefaciens, a soil bacterium (Nester, 2014). It entered the plants through wounds in the stem or root. Once the bacterium has invaded the plants, some of the free-floating portions of DNA called plasmids, inserted itself into the DNA of the plants (Nester, 2014). Their normal translation and transcription process produces the enzyme that the A. tumefaciens needs to survive (Nester, 2014). Research used the natural mechanism of A. tumefaciens by removing the disease-causing genes and adding the desired gene in the plasmid instead. Then using thoseShow MoreRelatedThe Issues Of Gene Technology867 Words   |  4 Pageswhat gives us the right to use such technology. The problems on society include disagreements among different groups of people based on views and opinions. There can economic problems when dealing with genetically modified foods. Legislation mainly focuses on HIPAA and the Genetic Information Nondiscrimina tion Act (GINA). They protect information and prohibit genetic discrimination in health insurance and employment, respectively (â€Å"Genetic Discrimination†). The flaw in legislation is that itRead MoreWe Should Genetically Engineer our Children1024 Words   |  4 PagesThe next major leap for humanity is genetic engineering, the process in which different genes are removed and substituted for other, more affective, genes. 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